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In the past decade, relative proteomic quantification using isobaric labeling technology has developed into a key tool for comparing the expression of proteins in biological samples. Although its multiplexing capacity and flexibility make this a valuable technology for addressing various biological questions, its quantitative accuracy and precision still pose significant challenges to the reliability of its quantification results. Here, we give a detailed overview of the different kinds of isobaric mass tags and the advantages and disadvantages of the isobaric labeling method. We also discuss which precautions should be taken at each step of the isobaric labeling workflow, to obtain reliable quantification results in large-scale quantitative proteomics experiments. In the last section, we discuss the broad applications of the isobaric labeling technology in biological and clinical studies, with an emphasis on thermal proteome profiling and proteogenomics.
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Proteome/metabolism , Proteomics/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drug storage position management in automatic dispensing machine,and improve the dispensing efficiency. METHODS:The orbital utilization rate of drugs in automatic dispensing machine was calculated,the opti-mum value of orbital utilization rate was set up to adjust the drug varieties and numbers of storage tracks for continually optimizing the storage position management. Dispensing rates of automatic dispensing machines and real-time dispensing windows with fully automated deployment before (Mar.-Jun. 2016) and after (Jul.-Oct. 2016) optimization were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS:The optimum value of orbital utilization rate was set up as 67%. Drugs more than the value were increased the num-bers of storage tracks,while drugs less than the value was decreased the numbers of storage tracks or removed out of dispensing machines. From Mar. to Oct. 2016,2 dispensing machines in our hospital adjusted 75 varieties and 127 orbits in total,storage num-bers was increased by 158 boxes. Compared with before optimization (Mar.),dispensing rate of automatic dispensing machines was increased from 73.7% to 81.3% after optimization(Oct.),dispensing rate of real-time dispensing window was increased from 39.8% to 51.8%(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Applying the orbital utilization rate algorithm for adjusting drug variety and track number in machine can effectively and continually optimize the drug storage position,increase the storage capacity in machine, make full use of automatic equipments and improve the dispensing efficiency.
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OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drug storage position management in automatic dispensing machine,and improve the dispensing efficiency. METHODS:The orbital utilization rate of drugs in automatic dispensing machine was calculated,the opti-mum value of orbital utilization rate was set up to adjust the drug varieties and numbers of storage tracks for continually optimizing the storage position management. Dispensing rates of automatic dispensing machines and real-time dispensing windows with fully automated deployment before (Mar.-Jun. 2016) and after (Jul.-Oct. 2016) optimization were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS:The optimum value of orbital utilization rate was set up as 67%. Drugs more than the value were increased the num-bers of storage tracks,while drugs less than the value was decreased the numbers of storage tracks or removed out of dispensing machines. From Mar. to Oct. 2016,2 dispensing machines in our hospital adjusted 75 varieties and 127 orbits in total,storage num-bers was increased by 158 boxes. Compared with before optimization (Mar.),dispensing rate of automatic dispensing machines was increased from 73.7% to 81.3% after optimization(Oct.),dispensing rate of real-time dispensing window was increased from 39.8% to 51.8%(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Applying the orbital utilization rate algorithm for adjusting drug variety and track number in machine can effectively and continually optimize the drug storage position,increase the storage capacity in machine, make full use of automatic equipments and improve the dispensing efficiency.
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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of rehabilitation after cochlear implantation in children with malformed inner ear and compare them with a group of congenitally deaf children implantees with a normal inner ear.METHODS 21 children with inner ear malformation were retrospectively studied. The postoperative outcomes of these 21 cases were compared with that of 21 cases with normal inner ear structure. The assessment of all the children included the hearing levels, language ability , categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) respectively before cochlear implantation, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. The data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS The results of rehabilitation in 9 children with Large Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome and 6 cases with Mondini abnormality had no significant difference comparing with the control cases. The outcomes of 1case with severe Mondini abnormality and 5 cases with common cavity indicated significant worse than the control cases. CONCLUSION The effect of rehabilitation had no difference between the children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and the cases with normal inner structure after cochlear implantation, but was poorer in children with severe Mondini abnormality and common cavity. It was necessary to evaluate the degree of malformation of inner ear structure before cochlear implantation. The hearing abilities have improved quickly 6 months after cochlear implantation. The language abilities will need at least one year to get improved while the SIR need even more time. The development of language functions requires individualized rehabilitation guidance and integrated education.
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Objective To understand the malaria prevalence and epidemic characteristics in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015,so as to provide the evidences for formulating the prevention and control strategy. Methods The malaria data of Internet reported cases as well as the reports on epidemiological survey of malaria cases in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed with the methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Results A total of 61 malaria cases were report?ed in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015,including 4 local cases and 57 imported cases. There were 9 cases of vivax malaria,47 cases of falciparum malaria,2 cases of malariae malaria,and 3 cases of ovale malaria. There was no seasonality in the occur?rence of imported malaria. Though there was no correlation between the times of malaria attack and the duration for going out (r = 0.154 ,P = 0.253),there was a negative correlation between the former and the timeliness for visiting a doctor (r = -0.312,P=0.014). Conclusions The malaria cases are mainly imported ones in Taixing City,and the Plasmodium spe?cies of infection are diverse. Imported malaria overseas remains the key point for malaria control in Taixing City.
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OBJECTIVE:To reduce patient waiting time for drugs by improving work efficiency via the optimization of the in-telligent workflow of outpatient pharmacy. METHODS:The problems existing in each link in the workflow after the adoption of au-tomated drug dispensing machine in the outpatient pharmacy of our hospital were analyzed. Measures were developed and imple-mented,on the basis of the factors affecting each link including adding drugs,making up a prescription and dispensing drugs,to optimize the workflow. The effect after the optimization was evaluated,with the time it takes to make up a prescription and to dis-pense drugs and patient waiting time for drugs as the indexes. RESULTS:The averaged time it takes a pharmacist to make up a pre-scription and to dispense drugs and patient waiting time for drugs significantly reduced from 3.4 min,9.3 min and 12.7 min to 1.0 min,6.1 min and 7.1 min respectively,after taking measures such as adjusting the number of the drug types,tracks and positions in the machine,adding the contrasting pictures of the drugs which were similar on the system interface for adding drugs,standardiz-ing the process of adding drugs,improving and allocating information labels,adjusting the process of dispensing drugs and adding new small packages of drugs within 6 months. CONCLUSIONS:The optimized intelligent workflow in the pharmacy can reduce pa-tient waiting time for drugs,increase patient satisfaction and promote the development of intelligent pharmacy.
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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of auditory perception skills after cochlear implantation in children with malformed inner ear and compare them with a group of congenitally deaf chil ‐dren implantees with a normal inner ear .Methods 21 children with inner ear malformation were retrospective stud‐ied .There were 9 cases with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) ,7 with Mondini abnormality ,5 with com‐mon cavity .The postoperative outcomes of these 21 cases were compared with 21 cases with normal inner ear struc‐ture .The outcomes of all the children after the surgery in 1 year were studied using the soundfield test in frequency ranging 0 .5 to 4 kHz and the auditory perception skills ,and the auditory perception skills consisted of natural envi‐ronmental sound recognition ,consonants recognition ,vowels recognition ,numeral recognition ,tone recognition , monosyllabe recognition ,disyllabe recognition ,trisyllabe recognition ,short sentences recognition ,selective hearing recognition .Results The results of soundfield test and auditory perception skills after cochlear implantation in 9 children with LVAS and 6 with Mondini abnormality had no significant difference (P > 0 .05) comparing with the control cases .Postoperative thresholds in soundfield test were 50 ~ 75 dB HL for 1 case with severe Mondini abnor‐mality ,the mean value of hearing ability score was 70 .5% ,and less than the results of control cases .Postoperative mean thresholds in soundfield test were 65 .26 ± 5 .13 dB HL for 5 cases with common cavity ,the hearing ability score was less than the results of control cases (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The effect of rehabilitation had no difference between the children with LVAS and the cases with normal inner structure after cochlear implantation ,but was poo‐rer in children with severe Mondini abnormality and common cavity .It was necessary to evaluate the degree of mal‐formation of inner ear structure before cochlear implantation .
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Objective To understand the current status of infections of intestinal parasites of population in Taixing City,Ji-angsu Province. Methods The infection rates and densities of human intestinal parasites were investigated according to the methods of the National Investigation Scheme on Human Principal Parasites,and the data of society,economy and disease con-trol were collected and analyzed. Results Among 2 556 people investigated in five villages,16 persons were found with intesti-nal parasites, with an infection rate of 0.63%. The infection rate was higher in residents with a low education level than in others and it was higher in the age group over 50 years than in the group under 50 years. The infection density was mild and the most was the single parasite infection. Conclusions The current status of intestinal parasite infections of population in Taixing City has reached the county-level control standard of Jiangsu Province. Therefore,the preventive strategy and measures should be ad-justed and the monitoring work should be strengthened.
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Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative lack of insulin. Though great efforts have been made to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetes, the underlying mechanism behind the development of diabetes and its complications remains unexplored. Cumulative evidence has linked mitochondrial modification to the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications and they are also observed in various tissues affected by diabetes. Proteomics is an attractive tool for the study of diabetes since it allows researchers to compare normal and diabetic samples by identifying and quantifying the differentially expressed proteins in tissues, cells or organelles. Great progress has already been made in mitochondrial proteomics to elucidate the role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Further studies on the changes of mitochondrial protein specifically post-translational modifications during the diabetic state using proteomic tools, would provide more information to better understand diabetes.
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Humans , Adipose Tissue , Metabolism , Diabetes Complications , Diabetes Mellitus , Metabolism , Pathology , Insulin , Metabolism , Insulin-Secreting Cells , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Liver , Metabolism , Mitochondria , Metabolism , Muscle, Skeletal , Metabolism , Proteome , Metabolism , ProteomicsABSTRACT
Objective To study the ultrasonographic clues and methods for fetal anomalies of the aorta arch and improve prenatal detection of anomalies of the aorta arch.Methods One thousand four hundred and seventy-two cases fetus who were carried out detailed scan and whose results were confirmed were chose as study objects.Every routine fetal echocardiography included four chamber and left and right outflow tract and three-vessel trachea view(3VT).The more views which included longitudinal and coronary view of the aorta arch and coronary view of the trachea and main bronchus were obtained when the abnormality of aorta arch was suspected.Results One hundred and forty-eight cases with anomalies of aorta arch were diagnosed by ultrasonography.One case was misdiagnosed.Ninety-two fetus with anomalies of aorta arch which included 28 aortic coarctation(CoA) and 10 interrupted aortic arch (IAA) and 52 right-side aortic arch and abnormal aortic branch and 2 double aortic arch were confirmed by postmortem or postnatal echocardiography and surgery.Of the 92 confirmed cases,24 had prenatally diagnosed additional complex intracardiac anomalies.All cases with CoA and IAA presented ventricular and/or great arterial disproportion with smaller left ventricle and aorta diameter on four chamber view and 3VT.Right aortic arch (RAA) and abnormal aortic branch(AAB) displayed aortic arch located on the right side of the trachea and increased distance between the aortic arch and arterial duct and abnormal aortic arch branch-subclavian artery originating from the beginning section of the descend aorta which coursed behind the trachea with U-shaped appearance on the 3VT plane.The display rate of the transverse and longitudinal and coronary view of the aorta arch was 98.4%,90.0%,81.9%,respectively.Conclusions Disproportional ventricular and /or great arterial with smaller left ventricle and aorta diameter are the clues for CoA and IAA.Increased distance between the aortic arch and arterial duct is the clue for RSA.The transverse view of the aortic arch 3VT is the most sensitive for detecting the anomalies of the aortic arch and the most easily be obtained.The longitudinal and coronary view of the aorta arch and coronary view of the trachea and main bronchus are helpful in differentiating the anomalies of the aortic arch.
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Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of vertigo associated with changes of head position.Methods 112 patients of vertigo associated with changes of head position were analyzed from June 2006 to December 2007 through the positional tests and imaging examination.Results 45 men and 67 women from ages 12 to 75 (median 50) were included with a total of 112 patients.88 patients were diagnosed as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV),76 patients as posterior semicircular canals BPPV,9 patients as horizontal semicircular canal BPPV,3 patients as anterior semicircular canals BPPV,9 patients as suspicious BPPV.They were treated by canalith repositioning procedure,the total improvement rate was 96.9% after 1 week.15 cases of cervical vertigo were treated by physical therapy and medication,the vertigo of 4 patients disappeared and of 11 patients was improved significantly after 2 weeks.Conclusion The positional tests and cervical plain x-ray are the simplest ways to diagnose vertigo associated with changes of head position.Physical therapy and medication are effective.It is suitable to promote in the grass-roots hospitals.
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Objective To assess the value of prenatal sonographic diagnosis on fetal agenesis of corpus callosum(ACC). Methods A retrospective study was on prenatal sonographic findings of 10 cases with ACC malformation and their abnormalities in central nervous system (CNS) or extra-CNS.Results The special sonographic findings established the diagnosis of ACC malformation in all 10 cases,with 7cases diagnosed absence agenesis. Among all patients with ACC,6 cases were accompanied with abnormalities in extra-CNS,8 in CNS and 5 in both. Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonography plays a vital role in accurate diagnosis on fetal ACC. Attentions should be paid to the indirect encephalic features and complicated abnormalities so as to make accurate and prompt diagnosis.
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Objective To observe the relationship among the degree of maturation of development of ovarian follicle and endometrial thickness and resistance index of uterine helicine arteries.Methods Fifty six cases of normal menstrual cycle were studied by transvaginal color Doppler flow imaging.Results Diameter of ovarian follicle increased and moved to the surface of ovary before ovulation,endometrium thickened and resistance index of uterine helicine arteries decreased.Conclusions Observation of the development of ovarian follicle by transvaginal color Doppler flow imaging is helpful to improve regnancy rate.
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AIM:To study the protective effect and mechanism of Gujingdan(Radix Astragali,Fructus Alpiniae oxyphyllae,Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae,Herba Epimedii,Semen Euryales,etc.) on the acute renal injury caused by Gentamicin in rats.METHODS:90 rats were randomly divided into normal control group,pathologic model group,preventive group which included high,middle and low dosages of Gujingdan(4 g/kg,2 g/kg,1 g/kg) and positive control group which was treated with Shenkangning(2 g/kg) and treated group which included the same groups as the preventive group.The preventive groups were respectively given Gujingdan and Shenkangning for two weeks and ahead one week.On the seventh day,except the normal group the others were continuously injected gentamicin by abdominal cavity(100 mg/kg/day) seven days.At the same time,the treated group were given Gujingdan and Shenkangning by ig for seven days.When the experiment was over,the content of ?-N-acetyglocosamidase(NAG),serum creatinine(SCR) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were examined,and the renal histological changes were observed.RESULTS:NAG,BUN,SCR of the groups which were treated with Gujingdan were remarkly lower than that of the pathologic model group;SOD、ATP were higher and MDA was lower than that of the model group.Histological changes showed that renal tubular epithelial cells of the groups treated with Gujingdan were similar to the changes of normal group and much better than that of positive group and pathologic model group.CONCLUSION:Gujingdan has the protective effect on acute renal injury caused by Gentamicin.The mechanism may be that Gujingdan has the function of inhibiting oxidation,protecting and stabilizing cell membrane.